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        <h1 class="news-detail-title">大鱼大肉也能瘦？生酮饮食听起来很美，可不是人人适用</h1>
        <p class="time">7月1日</p>
        <p class="desc">主要是也吃不起......</p>
        <div class="news-content"><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">要说现如今大家普遍烦恼的事情，减肥问题绝对可以名列前茅。</span></section><p></p><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">&nbsp;</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">目前我国成年人的超重肥胖率已经超过50%，学龄儿童中约为20%，<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">中国已经成为世界上超重和肥胖人数最多的国家。</strong></span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">&nbsp;</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">光吃不动还想瘦，这种好事......哎，它不就来了。</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">&nbsp;</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">近年来，减肥饮食从什么都不吃或只吃一点清汤寡水的东西，逐渐转变为可以大口吃肉、但要降低碳水的生酮饮食。</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">&nbsp;</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">那么，生酮饮食到底是一种怎样的减肥方法？按照生酮饮食真的可以减肥吗？</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;"></span><img src="https://resource.chunyu.mobi/@/media/images/news/147983_95ddb3a6c7cbc1fd.png"><section><section><section><section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></p></section></section><section><section><p style="color: rgb(65, 205, 117); font-size: 1.2em; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(217, 214, 200); padding: 0px 4px 3px 0px;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">什么是生酮减肥？</strong><br></p><p></p></section></section></section></section></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">所谓生酮饮食（ketogenic diet，KD），是指一种<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">以高脂肪、极低碳水化合物、适量蛋白质为特点的饮食方式。</strong></span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">&nbsp;</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">生酮饮食中三大营养素的供能比为：脂肪70%〜75%、碳水化合物3%~5%、蛋白质20%-27%，脂肪相对含量较高，碳水化合物相对含量较少。</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">&nbsp;</span></section><p></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><img src="https://resource.chunyu.mobi/@/media/images/news/147983_792c4d9740155e6e" alt="春雨医生" title="春雨医生"></p><p></p><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(178, 178, 178); font-size: 12px;">（生酮饮食结构/图源网络，侵删）</span><br></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;"><br></span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">该饮食方法最初于1921年被用于儿童癫痫疾病的治疗，因为饮食结构的彻底改变，会使脑部供能系统发生变化，从而刺激神经系统，减少癫痫的发作。</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">&nbsp;</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">至20世纪末，生酮饮食不但被引入糖尿病、帕金森综合征等疾病的治疗研究，还被用于肥胖症的治疗，并取得了显著的效果，而随着肥胖率的上升，KD的使用频率和相关研究也呈急剧上升趋势。</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">&nbsp;</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">传统的减肥方式，不外乎一个原理：减少能量摄入，使身体处于能量的负平衡状态，从而达到动员脂肪和消耗脂肪的目的。</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">&nbsp;</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">而<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">生酮饮食是通过模拟饥饿状态，造成饥饿性酮症。</strong></span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">&nbsp;</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">在正常的饮食状态下，我们身体的供能模式是以葡萄糖为主，空腹的时候，肝脏储藏的糖原会帮助维持血糖平衡。</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">&nbsp;</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">当人体长期处于饥饿状态，肝脏的糖原被消耗殆尽，又没有外来糖分补充，身体就会被迫分解脂肪，产生酮体（一种代谢产物），并切换成消耗酮体来供能的模式。</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">&nbsp;</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">因为这种切换促进了脂肪的分解代谢，将不溶于水的甘油三酯转变为可溶于水的酮体（除丙酮不溶于水外，β- 羟丁酸和乙酰乙酸皆可溶于水），进而可以从尿液中排出。同时，酮体的升高还具有抑制食欲的作用，因此生酮饮食减肥效果显著。</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">&nbsp;</span></section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section><section><p style="color: rgb(65, 205, 117); font-size: 1.2em; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(217, 214, 200); padding: 0px 4px 3px 0px;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">生酮减肥的风险</strong></p><p></p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">相较于忍饥挨饿、严格计算卡路里，生酮饮食不但允许你吃饱饭，还反对你节食，对比之下，简直就是减肥捷径有木有？</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">&nbsp;</span></section><p></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><img src="https://resource.chunyu.mobi/@/media/images/news/147983_30377eb69fa812b5" alt="春雨医生" title="春雨医生"></p><p></p><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(178, 178, 178); font-size: 12px;">（图源：图虫创意）</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;"><br></span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">但实际上，生酮饮食也是评价十分两极化的一种减肥方式，有的人认为它能高效减肥，有的人则认为它在伤害身体。</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">&nbsp;</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">从短期来看，生酮饮食的减肥效果确实很好，同时对于血糖、胰岛素敏感性、血脂等一些代谢指标也有很好的调节作用。</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">&nbsp;</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">但生酮饮食是一种营养结构极不均衡的饮食方式，它对减轻体重的作用机制仍待进一步研究，而且对于不是特别胖的健康人群，长期生酮的效果和安全性都缺乏证据支持，可能会给身体带来不良反应。</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">&nbsp;</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">一方面，碳水化合物是人体所需的六大营养素之一，参与细胞的组成和多种功能活动，是血糖的主要来源。如果身体长期缺乏碳水化合物，就容易出现头晕、冒冷汗、乏力等低血糖症状，低血糖情况严重时甚至会使脑细胞受损，造成不可逆的脑损伤。</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">&nbsp;</span></section><p></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><img src="https://resource.chunyu.mobi/@/media/images/news/147983_149847f83a09d5ab" alt="春雨医生" title="春雨医生"></p><p></p><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(178, 178, 178); font-size: 12px;">（图源：图虫创意）</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;"><br></span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">另一方面，生酮饮食会产生大量的酮体，可能会导致高酮血症和代谢性酸中毒。长期代谢性酸中毒可能会促进骨脱钙，导致高钙尿，使骨密度降低，并且增加尿石症和肾结石的风险。</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">&nbsp;</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">严格的生酮饮食会要求全天的碳水化合物总量限制在50g以下，最好在20g左右，这意味着，如果你吃了一个小苹果，或吃了一颗小土豆，你当天就不能再有别的碳水摄入了。</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">&nbsp;</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">由于极低的碳水化合物要求，牛奶包括酸奶（因为有乳糖）、大部分水果、谷物和所有主食、豆类、根茎类蔬菜（土豆、红薯、胡萝卜、南瓜等）、大部分酱汁、其他大部分加工食物（除了肉类）都要严格限制，因为高脂肪食物中也会有隐形碳水，所以上面这些最好不吃。</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">&nbsp;</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">这样的饮食要求是很难长期坚持下去的，而且你的饮食结构越接近生酮饮食，你出现健康问题的风险也越高。</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">&nbsp;</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">此外，对于某些疾病导致的肥胖（如皮质醇增多症、甲状腺功能减退等），生酮饮食是“爱莫能助”的。</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">&nbsp;</span></section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section></section></section></section></section></section><section><section><section><section><section></section></section></section></section></section><section><section><section><section><section></section></section></section></section></section><section><section><section><section><section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section><section><section><section><section><section><section></section></section></section></section></section><section><section><section><section><section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section><section><section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;"></span><br></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">总之，生酮饮食虽然短期效果显著，但它的营养组成十分不合理，对于不是很胖的人（即身体质量指数在正常范围内），春雨君不建议使用生酮饮食减肥，即使是有需要的人群，也要在专业医师或营养师的指导下进行。</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">&nbsp;</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">&nbsp;</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">&nbsp;</span></section><section><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(72, 72, 81);">&nbsp;</span></section><section><section><section><section><section></section></section></section></section></section></div>

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